Milton Markets

Master Essential Trading Terms

Learn the fundamental terminology every successful trader needs to know, with practical examples and clear explanations.

Key Takeaways

  • A pip is the smallest price movement in a currency pair (usually 4th decimal place)
  • Spread is the difference between bid and ask prices - this is your trading cost
  • A lot is the trading unit size, with 1 standard lot = 100,000 currency units
  • Leverage allows you to control larger positions with smaller amounts of capital

Why Are These Terms So Important?

In forex trading, understanding these terms accurately can mean the difference between profit and loss. Without knowing pips and spreads correctly, you might miscalculate trading costs or risk. These terms are the fundamental language of trading.

Four Essential Trading Terms

Pip

Price Interest Point - the smallest price movement in a currency pair

Example: If USD/JPY moves from 150.25 to 150.26, that's a 1 pip movement

Spread

The difference between the bid (sell) and ask (buy) prices

Example: USD/JPY Ask 150.26, Bid 150.24 = 2 pip spread

Lot

The standard trading unit size, with 1 lot = 100,000 currency units

Example: Buying 1 lot of EUR/USD = purchasing 100,000 euros

Leverage

Using borrowed capital to control larger positions than your account balance

Example: 100:1 leverage means $1,000 can control a $100,000 position

Practical Calculation Examples

Case Study: EUR/USD Trade

Trade Conditions

Currency Pair:EUR/USD
Ask Price:1.0952
Bid Price:1.0950
Spread:2 pips
Trade Size:0.1 lots

Calculations

Actual Trade Value:€10,000
Pip Value:$1.00
Spread Cost:$2.00
10 Pip Profit:$10.00
Net Profit:$8.00

How Leverage Works and Key Warnings

Leverage works like a "lever" - it allows you to control large positions with small amounts of capital. With 100:1 leverage, $1,000 can control a $100,000 position. While this amplifies profits, it equally amplifies losses. Learn more about leverage safely.

Important Rules When Using Leverage

  • Always set stop-loss orders
  • Never risk more than 2% of account balance
  • Higher leverage requires more careful position sizing
  • Practice extensively on demo before live trading

Use Our Calculation Tools

Now that you understand these terms, use our calculation tools to ensure accurate calculations in real trading. Avoid manual calculation errors and trade more efficiently.

Pip Value Calculator

Calculate the exact value of each pip for any currency pair

Use Tool

Position Size Calculator

Calculate optimal trade sizes based on your risk tolerance

Use Tool

Next Steps

Now that you understand the basic terms, learn how to apply this knowledge in actual trading. Combined with proper risk management, you can trade more safely and effectively.

Learn Risk Management

Related Information & Trading Conditions

Important information to review before you start trading

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